杭州江洋畈生态公园

Hangzhou Jiangyangfan Eco-park

    项目地点:浙江杭州
    项目业主:杭州园林文物局和钱江管理处
    面积:19.8ha
    设计时间:2008-2009年
    建成时间:2010年
    获奖情况:
    2011年英国国家景观协会(BALI)国家景观奖
    2012年浙江省“钱江杯”优秀工程奖
    2013年中国风景园林学会优秀规划设计一等奖
    2013年国际风景园林师联合会亚太区(IFLA APR)景观管理类杰出奖
    2015年中国勘察设计协会“计成奖”二等奖
    Project location:Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
    Clients:Hangzhou Parks and Cultural Relics Bureau
    Area:19.8ha
    Design year:2008-2009
    Year Built:2010
    Awards:
    2011 BALI National Landscape Awards
    2012 Zhejiang Province "Qianjiang Cup" Excellent Project Award
    2013 CHSLA Planning and Design Award (1st Prize)
    2013 IFLA APR Landscape Award(Award of Excellence)
    2015 China Association of Survey & Design "Jicheng Award" (2nd Prize)


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作为泻湖的杭州西湖千百年来依靠不断疏浚才有今日的美景,并因此积淀了悠久厚重的文化。历史上西湖疏浚的淤泥多堆积在湖中或湖的周围,并形成了湖中三岛和白堤、苏堤、杨公堤等著名景点。1999年,西湖又一次大规模疏浚的淤泥输送到玉皇山南麓一个名叫江洋畈的一个山谷里,形成了容积约100万m³的淤泥库。到了2008年,良好的小气候条件已使得这个被人遗忘的地方发生了巨大的变化——淤泥中带来的植物种子迅速地萌发生长,成为一片茂盛的沼泽林地。由于不受人类干扰,这里栖息着各种昆虫,鸟类和小型哺乳动物。这种大自然的神奇造化引起人们的注意和兴趣,政府提出在这里建造一座生态公园和一座博物馆。

公园的设计充分尊重了江洋畈特有的场地特征。江洋畈实际上是一个人工湖泊的沼泽化过程。从最初的水面到水生植物萌发,再到耐湿乔木的生根发芽,直至今天的湿生林沼泽,它体现了自然演替的过程,体现出自然令人敬畏的巨大力量。生态公园的本质应当体现这种力量,让人们了解、尊重,建立人与自然之间和谐的关系。


For Hangzhou, West Lake is the most valuable natural and cultural heritage. However, siltation is the most severe natural problem that the lake faces, which requires the lake being dredged every few years. In history, dredging silt was mostly piled in or around the lake, and formed many famous sight spots, such as three islands in the lake, Bai Causeway, Su Causeway and Yanggong Causeway. In 1999, city government conducted a significant dredging project, and this relatively remote valley, located at the south foot of Yuhuangshan Hill, was dammed and utilized as a silt reservoir. 10 years later, the favorable micro-climatic conditions made this secluded place changed greatly, and the site became a lush woods swamp, and the habitat of some insects, birds and small mammals. The magic of this nature attract people’s attention and interest, and the government decided to transform this place into an ecological park and build a museum. 
Jiangyangfan is indeed the swamping process of an artificial lake. From the original water surface to aquatic plants germination, to the water tolerant trees’ rooting and sprouting, and to the today’s woodlands swamp with a small pond, these changes reveal the natural succession process and the awesome power of nature. Ecological Park should reflect this power and guide people to understand and respect it, and establish a harmonious relationship between man and nature.

  


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公园设计根据植被生长情况,划出一些区域作为保留地,作为这个地方自然演替的样本,在公园的建设过程中和未来的养护过程中不加干涉和改造,称为生境岛。而其余的地方,适当地疏伐乔木,去除一些弱小纤细的植株,使得强壮的植株能够生长得更健康,同时林地能够透入更多光线,为林下植物生长创造条件。引入一些具有一定观赏价值和生态价值的下层植物(如动物和昆虫的食源植物,蜜源植物和寄主植物),使景观更有吸引力,并为小型哺乳动物和昆虫提供良好的栖息场所。

通过一条悬浮于淤泥上的栈道将游客带入这个生态系统中,了解自然的力量以及人对自然的干涉所带来的改变。1km多长的栈道在平面上蜿蜒曲折,在立面上高低起伏,并结合了廊架、长坐凳和围栏,不仅带来丰富的视觉体验,也为参观者提供了一系列观察平台和休息场所。公园还提供了科学完善的生态教育机会,成为一座露天的自然博物馆。


Based on the growth state of plants, some areas, named the Habitat Islands, are set aside as reserves and kept as living samples of the site’s natural succession. These islands will not be interfered and transformed in the process of park construction and future maintenance, and will provide a protected environment for small animals. For the rest of the site, moderate thinning some weak slender plants can leave more space for the stronger plants, and also can bring more sunlight into the woods, allowing the understory plants to grow better. Understory plants with certain ornamental and ecological value, such as food resources plants for animals, host plants of insects and nectar plants, are introduced to make the landscape more attractive and friendly for small mammals and insects.
A boardwalk system guides the visitors into this ecosystem to experience the wonderful environment. Installed with pergolas, long benches and fences, the 1-km-long meandering boardwalk not only brought a rich visual experience, but also offered visitors a series of observation platforms and rest areas. Like any open-air Museum of Natural History, park offers an opportunity of ecological education.

    


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今天,这个曾经被人遗忘的山谷中,草木的芳香取代了曾经的沼泽腐臭味,美丽的蝴蝶、蜜蜂、蜻蜓取代了令人讨厌的蚊子等嗜血昆虫。新引入的植物与原有的植物很好地融合。这个项目体现了景观设计师如何在深入研究现状自然生态系统的情况下,运用生态学知识,对基址做出的科学和合理的干涉,推动它向一个健康的方向发展,并将人类活动限定在一个合理的范围之内,最终建立起一个人与自然和谐的系统。


Today, in this once neglected valley, the fragrance of vegetation has replaced the rancid smell of the previous swamp, beautiful butterflies, bees and dragonflies have substituted for the annoying mosquitoes and other bloodthirsty insects. Newly introduced plants and existing plants are well mixed. This project demonstrates how landscape architects, after intensive studying the existing natural ecosystem, employing ecological knowledge, making scientific and reasonable interference with the site, promote it to a healthier status, limit the range of human activities, and eventually set up a regenerative ecosystem which keeps human in harmony with nature.



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主持设计师:王向荣、林箐
设计团队:阳春白雪、李洋、肖启发、季义力、张铭然、华锐
Leader designer:Wang Xiangrong、Lin Qing
Team:Yangchun Baixue,Li Yang,Xiao Qifa,Ji Yili,Zhang Mingran,Hua Rui


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